What is Observation Technique
Observation has been derived from two Latin words “ob” meaning before and serve which means keeping. Combining both we get observe which gives the meaning a process through which a thing or situation is kept before to see and watch carefully.
Definitions of Observation Techniques
The views of social scientists about observation method are stated below:
- P.V. Young: Observation is a systematic and deliberate study through spontaneous eye occurrence.
- Johoda: Observation is the recording of behavior simultaneously with its spontaneous occurrence.
- Goode and Halt: Observation is the careful and systematic watching of facts occurring in nature having cause and effect relation.
Conclusion: In simple words we can say that, observation is a direct and careful study of a phenomena through naked eye to collect real information’s about a problematic situation.
Principles of Observation
Following are the canons or principles of observation method.
- What should be observed (Aims & objectives)?
- How to observe (way & Technique)?
- Why observation is necessary (usefulness)?
- When to observe (suitable time)?
These are the four cannons or principles of observation method which are also called pre-requisites.
Validity of Observation
- Observation should be on job activity.
- The aims and objectives must be known to observer.
- The focus point of the observer must be defined clearly.
- Reporting of the observed information should be accurate.
